A Reference
Properly Cultured
Part I
Ages 8–9

The Storytelling Years

The age of wonder and first long books read aloud. We plant the seeds of myth, faith, and fairy tale before the world starts arguing about them.

Books

22 entries
Book

A Child's Introduction to the World

Heather Alexander

Geography, cultures, and landmarks in an illustrated reference format.

Global
Book

Charlotte's Web

E.B. White · 1952

A pig, a spider, a barn. The first great American children's novel about love and loss.

American
Book

D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths

Ingri and Edgar Parin d'Aulaire · 1962

The standard. Beautiful illustrations, accurate stories. Every educated child should know these myths.

ClassicalEuropean
Book

D'Aulaires' Book of Norse Myths

Ingri and Edgar Parin d'Aulaire · 1967

The other half of the d'Aulaire pair. Thor, Odin, Loki, and the end of the world.

European
Book

Farmer Boy

Laura Ingalls Wilder · 1933

Almanzo Wilder's boyhood on a New York farm. The food descriptions alone are worth the price.

American
Book

Homer Price

Robert McCloskey · 1943

A small-town Ohio boy and a doughnut machine that won't stop. Quintessentially American humor.

American
Book

Little House in the Big Woods

Laura Ingalls Wilder · 1932

The first of the Little House books. A Wisconsin childhood in the 1870s, rendered with extraordinary specificity.

American
Book

Mr. Popper's Penguins

Richard Atwater · 1938

A house painter ends up with twelve penguins. The film versions are not the book.

American
Book

Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH

Robert C. O'Brien · 1971

A widowed field mouse and a colony of hyper-intelligent rats. Newbery Medal, and earns it.

American
Book

Mrs. Piggle-Wiggle

Betty MacDonald · 1947

A neighborhood woman cures children of common vices through cheerful absurdity.

American
Book

My Father's Dragon

Ruth Stiles Gannett · 1948

A small boy outwits a jungle full of wild animals to rescue a baby dragon. A perfect first chapter book.

American
Book

Pippi Longstocking

Astrid Lindgren · 1945

The strongest girl in the world lives alone with a horse and a monkey. Pure joy.

European
Book

Stories of the Saints

Tomie dePaola (and others)

Any good illustrated edition. DePaola's collections are excellent; Vision Books and Ignatius Press also publish solid series for this age.

Catholic
Book

Stuart Little

E.B. White · 1945

A mouse-sized boy on a New York adventure. Brief, strange, beautiful.

American
Book

The Boxcar Children

Gertrude Chandler Warner · 1924

Four orphan siblings make a home in an abandoned boxcar. Stick to the original four books; later sequels were written by others.

A note to parents

Stick to the original four; later books in the series were written by other authors and lack the same quality.

American
Book

The Children's Book of Virtues

William Bennett (ed.) · 1995

Short stories and poems organized around courage, honesty, work, and other virtues. A good bedtime reader.

American
Book

The Chronicles of Narnia

C.S. Lewis

The seven-book gateway to the Christian imagination. Start with The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.

CatholicBritish
Book

The Cricket in Times Square

George Selden · 1960

A Connecticut cricket finds himself in a Times Square newsstand. Charming and surprisingly literary.

American
Book

The House at Pooh Corner

A.A. Milne · 1928

The second Pooh book, ending with the most famous goodbye in children's literature.

British
Book

The Trumpet of the Swan

E.B. White · 1970

A mute trumpeter swan finds his voice. White at his most tender.

American
Book

The Wind in the Willows

Kenneth Grahame · 1908

Mole, Rat, Badger, and Toad on the riverbank. A lasting picture of friendship and home.

British
Book

Winnie-the-Pooh

A.A. Milne · 1926

Read the Milne, not the Disney. The original sentences are the point.

British

Poetry

4 entries
Poem

A Child's Garden of Verses

Robert Louis Stevenson · 1885

Stevenson's verses for children. Memorize a few; they will stay for life.

British
Poem

Paul Revere's Ride

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow · 1860

The American narrative poem to memorize first. "Listen, my children, and you shall hear..."

American
Poem

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

Robert Frost · 1923

Sixteen lines of quiet perfection. Short enough to memorize in a single sitting.

American
Poem

The Road Not Taken

Robert Frost · 1915

Frost's most famous poem, more ambiguous than most people think. Worth knowing by heart.

American

Folklore

4 entries
Folklore

Mother Goose

The first poems a child knows by heart. Hickory dickory dock, Jack and Jill, Mary had a little lamb. Read aloud at bedtime; sing the ones with tunes. The Iona and Peter Opie edition is the scholarly one; any good illustrated edition does the work.

BritishAmerican
Folklore

Aesop's Fables

The lion and the mouse. The tortoise and the hare. The boy who cried wolf. A child of eight can hold the moral of an Aesop fable in his head for a lifetime; choose a translation that ends with the moral plainly stated.

ClassicalEuropean
Folklore

The Brothers Grimm: selected fairy tales

Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm · 1812

Hansel and Gretel, Snow White, Cinderella, The Bremen Town Musicians, Rumpelstiltskin. Read the older translations — Margaret Hunt, or the Pantheon edition with its notes. The Disney versions are not the same stories.

A note to parents

The older translations preserve genuinely violent endings — the stepsisters' heels and toes in Cinderella, doves pecking eyes, the queen dancing in red-hot iron shoes in Snow White. Preview each tale and paraphrase the worst lines if reading aloud to the younger end of this range.

European
Folklore

Hans Christian Andersen: fairy tales

Hans Christian Andersen · 1837

The Little Mermaid, The Snow Queen, The Ugly Duckling, The Nightingale, The Emperor's New Clothes. Where Grimm collected, Andersen invented — these are literary fairy tales by a single Danish hand, sadder and stranger than the German ones. Read Jean Hersholt's translations or the Tiina Nunnally edition.

A note to parents

Sadder than Grimm and often grimly final — the original Little Mermaid does not get the prince, The Little Match Girl freezes to death, The Red Shoes ends with the girl's feet cut off. Some children find these overwhelming; preview before reading aloud.

European

Films

17 entries
Film

Babe

Chris Noonan (dir.) · 1995

A pig who wants to be a sheepdog. Gentle, beautiful, unexpectedly profound.

American
Film

Charlotte's Web (1973)

Charles A. Nichols (dir.) · 1973

The Hanna-Barbera animated version. The 2006 live-action is also acceptable.

American
Film

Finding Nemo

Andrew Stanton (dir.) · 2003

A father searches for his son across the ocean. Pixar at its emotional peak.

American
Film

Kiki's Delivery Service

Hayao Miyazaki (dir.) · 1989

A young witch sets out on her own. Quiet, formative, and surprisingly substantial.

Global
Film

Mary Poppins

Robert Stevenson (dir.) · 1964

Disney's live-action peak. A practically perfect family musical.

AmericanBritish
Film

My Neighbor Totoro

Hayao Miyazaki (dir.) · 1988

The gateway Ghibli film. Two sisters, a forest spirit, a sick mother, rural Japan.

Global
Film

Old Yeller

Robert Stevenson (dir.) · 1957

A Texas boy and his dog. Be ready for tears at the end.

A note to parents

The ending is genuinely sad. Worth discussing afterward.

American
Film

Pinocchio

Disney · 1940

Disney's second feature and arguably its best. Conscience, temptation, transformation.

American
Film

Ponyo

Hayao Miyazaki (dir.) · 2008

A goldfish princess and a small boy on the coast. Pure visual wonder for younger viewers.

Global
Film

Ratatouille

Brad Bird (dir.) · 2007

A rat who wants to cook in Paris. The closing monologue is one of the great defenses of art and criticism.

AmericanEuropean
Film

Swiss Family Robinson

Ken Annakin (dir.) · 1960

A shipwrecked family builds a treehouse civilization. The platonic ideal of family adventure.

European
Film

The Adventures of Robin Hood

Michael Curtiz (dir.) · 1938

Errol Flynn in Technicolor. The definitive Robin Hood film and a perfect first classic.

British
Film

The Incredibles

Brad Bird (dir.) · 2004

A superhero family. Brad Bird's ode to excellence and family loyalty.

American
Film

The Princess Bride

Rob Reiner (dir.) · 1987

Fencing, fighting, torture, revenge, giants, monsters, chases, escapes, true love, miracles. The unbeatable family classic.

American
Film

The Sound of Music

Robert Wise (dir.) · 1965

The Trapp family, the Anschluss, and the hills are alive. Pre-war Catholic Austria in three hours of song.

European
Film

Toy Story

John Lasseter (dir.) · 1995

The Pixar foundation. Watch the first three as a trilogy; skip the fourth.

American
Film

Up

Pete Docter (dir.) · 2009

The first ten minutes alone are worth the price of admission. A widower lifts his house with balloons.

American

Documentaries

4 entries
Documentary

Planet Earth

Alastair Fothergill, prod. · narrated by David Attenborough · 2006

The BBC nature series that reset what was possible. Eleven episodes covering every major habitat on the planet. Watch one a week with the lights down.

BritishGlobal
Documentary

Blue Planet II

James Honeyborne, exec. prod. · narrated by David Attenborough · 2017

The oceans, ten years on from the original Blue Planet. Underwater cinematography that genuinely had not existed before.

BritishGlobal
Documentary

March of the Penguins

Luc Jacquet (dir.) · 2005

The Emperor penguins' annual march to their inland breeding grounds and back. About endurance and parental love as much as it is about birds.

EuropeanGlobal
Documentary

Microcosmos

Claude Nuridsany and Marie Pérennou (dirs.) · 1996

A meadow in France, filmed in extreme close-up: insects, snails, dewdrops, a sudden thunderstorm. Almost no narration. The natural world made strange again.

European

Foods

17 entries
Food

Apple pie

The national dessert. Worth making the crust from scratch at least once.

American
Food

Baguette with butter

A real baguette from a real bakery, with good butter and flaky salt.

European
Food

Bratwurst

Real German sausage, ideally on a fresh roll with sauerkraut.

European
Food

Burgers and hot dogs at a backyard cookout

Charcoal, not gas, at least once. The smoke is part of the meal.

American
Food

Chocolate chip cookies

The Toll House recipe, made together. A weekly ritual is not too much.

American
Food

Churros

Fried dough with cinnamon sugar. Ideally with hot chocolate for dipping.

Global
Food

Fish and chips

Battered cod, thick chips, malt vinegar. Wrap in paper if possible.

British
Food

Grilled cheese and tomato soup

The American comfort lunch. Butter the bread, not the pan.

American
Food

Hot chocolate (chocolat chaud)

The French version: actual chocolate melted into hot milk, not powder. Try Angelina's in Paris if you ever can.

European
Food

Macaroni and cheese (stovetop)

The real version with a roux. Box mac is fine, but a child should know the difference.

American
Food

Margherita pizza

Tomato, mozzarella, basil. The platonic pizza, named for an Italian queen.

European
Food

Pancakes and waffles from scratch

Real batter, not from a box. The first cooking competence a child should own.

American
Food

Pretzels

Soft, salted, ideally Bavarian. Mustard on the side.

European
Food

S'mores around a fire

Graham cracker, Hershey's, toasted marshmallow. Requires a real fire, not a candle.

American
Food

Scones with jam

Cream first or jam first depending on whether you ask Devon or Cornwall. Both are correct.

British
Food

Spaghetti and meatballs

The Italian-American Sunday meal. A different dish from real Italian Bolognese, and worth knowing both.

EuropeanAmerican
Food

Tacos, beans, and rice

Real tortillas, not crunchy shells. Carnitas or carne asada beats ground beef.

Global

Experiences

5 entries
Experience

Attend a high Mass or Easter Vigil

The full ceremony with incense, candles, and chant. Easter Vigil especially: the entire Christian story in one night.

Catholic
Experience

See a live nativity or pageant at Christmas

Real animals if possible. The story made physical and present.

Catholic
Experience

Sit through a full baseball game in person

Nine innings, peanuts and Cracker Jack, the seventh-inning stretch. The pace is part of the lesson.

American
Experience

Visit a working farm or orchard

Watch animals being fed, fruit being picked, work being done. Where food comes from.

American
Experience

Watch fireworks on the Fourth of July

A real municipal fireworks show, not backyard sparklers. The civic ritual of being American.

American

Music

3 entries
Music

Beethoven Symphony No. 5

Da-da-da-DAH. The famous one, but listen to all four movements.

European
Music

Beethoven Symphony No. 6 (Pastoral)

The accessible Beethoven symphony for children. A walk in the country, a thunderstorm, a hymn of thanksgiving.

European
Music

Gregorian chant

The original Western music. Solesmes recordings or Norcia monks for a starting point.

CatholicEuropean

Art

2 entries
Artwork

Norman Rockwell

The Four Freedoms, the Saturday Evening Post covers, the civil rights paintings. American twentieth-century iconography.

American
Artwork

The California Missions

The 21 Franciscan missions from San Diego to Sonoma. Walk the grounds; pray in the chapels.

CatholicAmerican

Quotes

8 quotes
QuoteMemorize
I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.
Francis Bellamy (1892), revised, 1892
Pledge of Allegiance, United States
QuoteMemorize
Our Father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name; thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us; and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen.
Jesus Christ
Matthew 6:9-13
QuoteMemorize
Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled.
Jesus Christ
Matthew 5:3-6 (KJV)
QuoteMemorize
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
John the Evangelist
John 1:1 (KJV)
QuoteMemorize
The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: he leadeth me beside the still waters. He restoreth my soul: he leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for his name's sake. Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil: for thou art with me; thy rod and thy staff they comfort me.
King David
Psalm 23:1-4 (KJV)
QuoteMemorize
In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light.
Moses (traditionally)
Genesis 1:1-3 (KJV)
QuoteMemorize
Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!
Patrick Henry, 1775
Speech to the Virginia Convention, March 23, 1775
QuoteMemorize
Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee. Blessed art thou amongst women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen.
Traditional, from Luke 1:28, 1:42
Catholic prayer tradition